Compressor for internal combustion engines



Nov. 29, 1932. P. DUGELAY COMPRESSOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Sept. l2. 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 PAUL DUGELAY- INVENTOR BYZ/JWMQLQ AT TORN EYS Nov. 29, 1932. P; DUGELAY COMFRESSOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Sept. 12, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 PAUL DUGELAY- INVENTOR lgal/MUM V;

ATTORN EYS Patented Nov. 29, 1932 UNirED STATES PATENT olii-ICE PAUL D'UGELAY, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO SOCIETEl v:DEXPLOI'lA'lION DE BREVETS POUR LINDUSTRIE, LAVIATION ET LAUTOMOBILE (S. E. B. I.'A.), OF PARIS,

FRANCE, A CORPORATION OF FRANCE COMPRESSOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Application filed September 12,` 1931, Serial No. 562,594, and in France September 17, 1930.

The present invention relates to improvements in piston compressors or superchargers for internal combustion engines and has for its object to facilitate rapid movement of the pistons, to withstand very heavy unitary pressures so as to give rise only to greatly reduced friction and, in a more general manner, to provide for the manufacture of a very slight supercompressor, in which, as required nowadays in numerous practical cases,`the stroke end clearance is less than 10 to 12% of the-total inner volume of the cylinder.

The invention makes possible for pumps or compressors tobe constructed which are specially adapted for use in internal combustion engines, more in particular for aircraft engines, owing to the relatively small space occupied by the compressors, and the low heating effect produced therein during operation and their great strength and compactness in comparison with their weight.

In order that the invention may be fully understood, reference is directed to the accompanying drawings, and the following description referring thereto which present, as a non-limiting example, one embodiment thereof. v

According to the invention, such an object is attained by means of the combination of the following features 1. All parts of the compressor are of a low density metal, such, as for example, aluminium, with exception of the frictional parts guide-rods, cylinder liners, etc.) which are made of steel.

2. The peculiar arrangement of parts and, particularly, of the piston is adapted to the above mentioned purposes. Thus, for eX- ample, the connecting rod may be of flat section, the head of which is disposed in close fitting spaces of the fly wheel, and the rear end of which is similarly disposed in a special recess of the piston and pivotally mounted in it. Such connecting rods, which may be two in number act directly on two pistons, as approximately balanced as possible, without any other rubbing on the walls of the cylinder liners than those necessary for the gas tightness of the packing rings. The whole thus constitutes an extremely compact block of great unitary capacity, as is shown, for a better understanding'of the invention on the appended drawings. y

3. Moreover, the device according to the present invention ensures a balancing asperfect as possible of the connecting rod head, on account of its tight lodgment, the irregularly distributed inertia forces onlyacting on the flat connecting rod. v

In the appended drawings;

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a compressor embodyingy the invention g Figurey 2 is an horizontal section of the same, made along line c Z e f g h z' j of Fig. 1; and v Y Figure 3 is anend view of the compressor with cylinder and piston removed, showing the flat section of the connecting rod. l

On these drawings, reference 1 designates the two cylinders the pistons 2 of which, in y opposition, are guided on guide rods 3vand work with double action. Connecting rods 4L are pivoted 180o apart on crank pins 5 carried by the crank-shaft 6. The balance thus obtained is as perfect as possible.

Guide-rods 3 are held in recesses 16, allowing for the disposition of the sleeve 17 of the piston, without additional clearance. The part of the cylinder which serves to center guide rodsis made of the same metal as the piston. Thus, the metal expansions are kept proportional and there is no risk of jamming as the heating varies.

The parts constituting the crank-shaft are disposed, as shown, in order to reduce as much as possible any useless clearance in the cylinder 7 n The guide rod heads 8 are disposed, with their ball-bearings 9, in the mass of the flywheel. Owing to such disposition, which is one of the essential features of the invention, there is only a very straight clearance left for the travel of connecting rods t, the flattened shape of which is quite special to this invention see Figure Cylinders 1 are also 0f a very special construction. They suck in, from the suction inlets 16 (Figure 3) by means of flap valves 10 located on the cylinder covers, and they deliver by lmeans of other flap valves 1l in a collector 12 individual for each cylinder. The total suction and delivery surfaces thus provided for, are quite considerable, which is an important advantage in order to obtain large outputs.

It is to be noted that, although the cylinders are in communication by the clearances 'for the connecting rods, etc., such clearances are small enough not to appreciably reduce the excellent efficiency of the compressor.

The cylinder liner 13, of steel, acts as a wall for the delivery collector 12 and the flat piston 2, provided with packing rings 14C, is suitably shaped for the receiving rear end of the connecting rod at 15, in order to allow for the practical attainment of the working conditions of the system.

It must be understoodthat the invention may be embodied in numerous modifications,

into the cylinders and means to evacuate the compressed gas out of the said cylinders.

2. A compressor for internal combustion engines comprising in combination two balanced double acting cylinders, a piston in the form of a flat disc disposed within each cylinder and provided with recesses, guide rods arranged interiorly of the cylinders to carry the pistons slidably thereupon, a connecting rod comprising a flat section, a forward and a rear portion directly pivotally connected independently of any piston rod to each of said pistons, means disposing therear portion in the recesses in the pistons, a fly wheel having close fitting spaces, means disposing the forward portion in said spaces, means providing the connecting rods with a reciprocatory movement, means to admit the gas to be compressed into the cylinder, and means to evacuate the compressed gas out of the cylinders.

3. A' compressor for internal combustion engines comprising in combination two balanced double acting cylinders, a piston in the form of a fiat disc disposed within each cylinder and provided with recesses, guide rods arranged interiorly of the cylinders to carry the pistons slidably thereupon, a connecting rod comprising a flat section, a forward and a rear portion directly pivotally connected independently of any piston rod to each of said pistons, means disposing the rear portion in the recesses in the pistons, a fly wheel having close fitting spaces, means disposing the forward portion in said spaces, means providing the connecting rods with a reciprocatory movement, means to admit -the gas to be compressed into the cylinder, and means to evacuate the compressed gas out of the cylinders, said meanscomprising flap valves lodged in the lateral surface ofthe cylinders.

4. A compressorV for internal combustion engines comprising in combination two balanced double acting cylinders, covers adapted to close these cylinders, a `pistonin the form of a flat disc disposed within each cylinder and provided with recesses, guide rods arranged interio-rly of the cylinders to carry the pistons slidably thereupon and fixed to the cylinder covers, both pistons and parts of covers holding the guide rods'being of a substance having the same coefhcient of ex'- pansion, a connecting rod comprising a'flat section, a rear portion directly pivotally connected independently 'of any piston rod to each of said pistons, means disposing the rear portion in the recesses in the pistons, a fly wheel having close fitting spaces, means disposing the forward portion in the spaces, means providing the connecting rods with a reciprocatory movement, meansto admit the gas to be compressed intoV the cylinder, and means to evacuate the compressed gasout of the cylinders.

5. A compressor for internal combustion engines comprising in combination two balanced double acting steel cylinders, steel 'covers adapted to close these cylinders, a light metal piston in the form of a flat disc disposed within each cylinder and provided with recesses, steel guide rods arranged interiorly of the cylinders to carry the pistons slidably thereupon and fixed to the cylinder covers, a light metal connecting rod compris,- ing a flat section, a forward and a rear portion directly pivotally connected independently of any piston rod to each of said pistons, means disposing the-rear portion in the recesses in the pistons, a light metal flywheel having close fitting spaces, means disposing the forward portion in said spaces, means il providing the connecting rods with a reciprocatory movement, means tol admit the gas to be compressed into two cylinders, and means to evacuate the compressed gas out of the cylinders.

6. A compressor for internal combustion engines comprising in combination two cylinders, covers adapted to close these cylinders, a double acting piston in the form of a plate disc provided with bearings project-t ing beyond the plane of the piston and disposed within each cylinder, guide-rods arranged interiorly of the cylinders and extending through the bearings to carry the pistons slidably thereupon, recesses provided in the covers and corresponding to the bearings in such manner that the bearings engage the recesses at a stroke-end, whereby the clearance is reduced below 12 per cent of the total volume of the cylinder, a connecting rod directly pivotally connected independently of any piston rod to each of the pistons, means providing the connecting rods with a reciprocatory nio-vement, means to admit the gas to be compressed into the cylinders, and means to evacuate the compressed gas out of said cylinders.

` PAUL DUGELAY. 

